Vocabulary Practice: Word Formation & Derivatives (UNIT 5, Β΄ ΛΥΚΕΙΟΥ)

Vocabulary Practice: Word Formation & Derivatives

A.     Write the right form of the words given in bold.

1.      A lot of people find yoga ___________________ after a month or so. ADDICTION

2.      Caffeine is a well-known __________________. STIMULATE  

3.      Women should strictly limit alcohol _______________ during pregnancy. CONSUME

4.      The owner of the castle allowed _____________to the public at the weekends. ENTER   

5.      Cigarettes are full of _____________ chemicals. HARM    

6.      Somalia has one of the highest infant _______________rates in the world. MORTAL  

7.      A lot of us feel that our _______________values are under threat. CULTURE   

8.      After a few ________________attempts we found the restaurant. GUIDE  

9.      My class has been improving _____________. STEADY   

 10.   His _______________ of the rules of the game made him a good player. AWARE  

 

B. Complete the sentences by putting the following words in the appropriate gap. There are two extra words you are not going to use:

substance – widespread – awareness – challenge – familiarity –

 access – heritage – consequence – mortality

 

1.   The ___________________  among infants and young children is very high in poor countries.

2.   The forecast said there would be ___________________  heavy rain in the north of the country.

3.   Greenpeace works to promote ___________________  of the dangers that threaten our planet today.

4.   The boy failed his math test. As a ___________________  , he cannot visit his friends this weekend.

5.   The ancient castle is one of the largest pieces of the nation's __________________.

6.   Liam's ___________________  to his friend was to beat him at pool.

7.   My ___________________  with Emma makes me the best person to speak to her about the problem.

 

C. Match the verbs to their definitions:

1. Get away with something     ______

2. Consume                             ______

3. Prohibit                                ______

4. Harm                                   ______

5. Ban                                      ______

6. Tackle                                  ______

7. Stimulate                              ______

8. Acknowledge                       ______

 

 

a.       to use up, to eat or drink

b.      to stop someone from doing something; to prevent

c.       not be punished for doing something

d.      to forbid

e.       to hurt, to damage

f.       to recognize; to admit

g.       to make more active

h.      to deal with

 

D. Choose 7 of the verbs above to complete the sentences. You don’t have to make any changes:

1.      I _________________ that I could have made better decisions.

2.      Most European cities _________________ smoking in public places.

3.      People _________________ a lot of sugar in drinks.

4.      The fire in the garage didn't _________________ the house.

5.      The athletes had taken pills to _________________ their metabolic rate.

6.      The president is clearly in a dilemma about how to _________________ the crisis.

7.      She thought she could _________________ cheating in the exams.

Exercise 1: Multiple Choice

Circle the letter of the correct simple English synonym for the underlined word in each sentence.

1. Excessive gaming can easily become an addiction.

A) Dependence

B) Solution

C) Agreement

2. Nicotine is a very addictive substance.

A) Relaxing

B) Habit-forming

C) Harmless

3. Water is a vital substance for human survival.

A) Material

B) Fiction

C) Shadow

4. Coffee can stimulate the central nervous system.

A) Slow down

B) Encourage

C) Freeze

5. Caffeine is a common stimulant found in many drinks.

A) Activator

B) Depressant

C) Sedative

6. Stopping coffee suddenly can cause withdrawal symptoms.

A) Detoxing effects

B) Growth spurts

C) Happy feelings

7. It is important to enjoy sweets in moderation.

A) Excessively

B) Sensibly

C) Entirely

8. Stress and anxiety often lead to severe insomnia.

A) Deep sleep

B) Sleeplessness

C) Energy

 

9. Eating too fast can cause indigestion.

A) Upset stomach

B) Clear vision

C) Happiness

 

10. The hot weather made everyone feel lethargic.

A) Sluggish

B) Energetic

C) Excited

 

11. Teenagers tend to consume too much sugar.

A) Produce

B) Use

C) Waste

12. High consumption of fast food is unhealthy.

A) Intake

B) Refusal

C) Export

13. Energy drinks contain high levels of caffeine.

A) Hold

B) Lack

C) Remove

14. Laws prohibit smoking in public indoor areas.

A) Encourage

B) Forbid

C) Permit

15. Each new entry into the database must be verified.

A) Exit

B) Recording

C) Deletion

16. Police officers enforce traffic laws to keep roads safe.

A) Break

B) Implement

C) Ignore

17. He thought he would get away with cheating on the test.

A) Escape punishment

B) Get caught immediately

C) Fail miserably

18. Bad habits can potentially ruin your health.

A) Definitely

B) Possibly

C) Never

Exercise 2: Contextual Synonym Matching

Write the letter of the matching synonym from the Word Bank on the line next to each sentence.

1. _____ The wine was found to be adulterated with unsafe chemicals.

2. _____ Strong spirits should be consumed carefully.

3. _____ There is widespread agreement on the issue.

4. _____ Shaking hands is a socially acceptable greeting.

5. _____ Every respondent filled out the survey accurately.

6. _____ Pollution causes great harm to the environment.

7. _____ The morbidity rate for the disease rose this year.

8. _____ Medical science has lowered infant mortality.

9. _____ Fast food is widely available in modern cities.

10. _____ Solving poverty requires a multidimensional approach.

11. _____ Under no circumstances should you lie to your doctor.

12. _____ Preserving our cultural heritage is very important.

13. _____ The atmosphere at the wedding was very festive.

14. _____ Every tradition has a positive aspect.

15. _____ Language and music are key cultural traits.

16. _____ Ignoring health warnings has harmful consequences.

17. _____ Smoking has harmful effects on the lungs.

18. _____ His misguided beliefs led him into trouble.

Exercise 3: Direct Synonym Matching

Match each word in Column A with its correct simple English synonym in Column B by writing the correct letter in the blank space.

Column A	Answer	Column B
1. Tend to	[ ___ ]	A. Indicate
2. Spur	[ ___ ]	B. Youths
3. Eager	[ ___ ]	C. Rapid spread
4. Breed	[ ___ ]	D. Teach
5. Familiarity	[ ___ ]	E. Understanding
6. Point to	[ ___ ]	F. Closeness
7. Access	[ ___ ]	G. Admit
8. Minors	[ ___ ]	H. Deal with
9. Decrease	[ ___ ]	I. Constantly
10. Steadily	[ ___ ]	J. Entry
11. Acknowledge	[ ___ ]	K. Raise
12. Educate	[ ___ ]	L. Difficult task
13. Ban	[ ___ ]	M. Reduce
14. Challenge	[ ___ ]	N. Keen
15. Tackle	[ ___ ]	O. Urge
16. Proliferation	[ ___ ]	P. Be inclined to
17. Awareness	[ ___ ]	Q. Prohibit

Part 1: Word Formation Table

Complete the table below with the missing parts of speech for each base word from the text.

Base Verb	Noun (Person or Abstract)	Adjective	Adverb
1. Enforce	enforcement / enforcer	____________________	N/A
2. Consume	consumer / ____________________	consumable / consuming	N/A
3. Prohibit	____________________	prohibitive	prohibitively
4. Acknowledge	____________________	acknowledged	N/A
5. Addict	addiction / ___________________	____________________	addictively
6. Proliferate	____________________	proliferative	N/A

Part 2: Complete the Sentences

Complete each sentence using the correct derivative of the word in brackets in the correct form.

1. The police are criticized for the weak ____________________ of underage drinking laws outside nightclubs. (ENFORCE)

2. Drinking adulterated alcohol can lead to ____________________ medical complications or even death. (LETHAL)

3. Early exposure to alcohol can easily lead to physical and psychological ____________________ later in life. (ADDICT)

4. The council discussed the rapid ____________________ of fast-food joints and bars around local high schools. (PROLIFERATE)

5. Many parents act under the ____________________ assumption that letting teens drink at home prevents binge drinking. (GUIDE)

6. The high cost of health treatments can be ____________________ expensive for low-income families. (PROHIBIT)

7. The survey showed an alarming rise in teen alcohol ____________________ over the last decade. (CONSUME)

8. Public health campaigns aim to raise awareness about the ____________________ effects of substance abuse. (HARM)

Part 3: Prefixes and Suffixes

Use a prefix or suffix to transform the word in bold into a suitable derivative.

1. The PROLIFER________ of alcoholic energy drinks on market shelves has raised serious concerns among health officials.

2. Giving young children a taste of wine at family gatherings is a ________GUIDED approach that often backfires.

3. Without strict police checks outside venues, the current age-limit laws are practically unENFORC________.

4. The study measured both the MORBID________ rate and the overall health trends among European adolescents.

5. It is a common myth to treat wine as completely HARM________ just because it is part of traditional culture.

6. The issue of underage drinking is not just medical; it also has deep CULTUR________ roots.

Part 4: Multiple-Choice Cloze

Choose the correct word form to complete each gap.

1. The survey aimed to evaluate the overall ________ of alcohol among high school students in Greece.

   a) consumer

   b) consuming

   c) consumption

   d) consummative

2. Many teens experiment with substances due to a lack of public ________ regarding the risks.

   a) aware

   b) awareness

   c) unawareness

   d) awared

3. The sales of alcohol to ________ remain illegal, even if enforcement is inconsistent.

   a) minors

   b) minority

   c) minorize

   d) minorly

4. Experts argue that banning substances completely often makes them more ________ to teenagers.

   a) attraction

   b) attractive

   c) attracted

   d) attractively

5. Regular exposure to alcohol in the home breeds ________, making teens feel overconfident.

   a) familiar

   b) familiarize

   c) familiarity

   d) familiarly

Part 5: Error Correction

Identify the incorrect word form in bold and write the correct derivative.

1. The doctor explained that alcohol is an addicting substance that affects brain development.

2. Lack of aware among parents contributes to high rates of teenage drinking.

3. The government's new campaign is aimed at reducing minority access to alcohol in supermarkets.

4. Many teenagers view breaking rules as a challenging rather than a risk.

Part 6: Collocation Matching

Match the words on the left (1–5) with their correct collocating partner on the right (A–E).

Column A	Column B
1. Adulterated	A. substance / behavior
2. Legal	B. drinks / spirits
3. Addictive	C. approach / perspective
4. Multidimensional	D. heritage / trait
5. Cultural	E. prohibition / restriction

Part 7: Key Word Transformations

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word in BOLD. Do not change the word given. Use between two and five words.

1. The laws against selling alcohol to minors are rarely applied by the authorities.

   ENFORCED

   The laws against selling alcohol to minors ________________________________________  the authorities.

2. Many people wrongly believe that alcohol does not cause any harm.

   HARMLESS

   It is a mistake to treat  ________________________________________ substance.

3. Adolescents often view breaking a rule as a fun challenge.

   BAN

   Adolescents often see  ________________________________________ a challenge.

4. Teenagers drink alcohol mainly because society views it as acceptable.

   SOCIAL

   Teen drinking is widespread largely due to the  ________________________________________ of alcohol.